Social Media Validation: Why Likes and Followers Matter to Teens

Social media is a major part of many teens’ lives. But like most technology, social media isn’t inherently good or bad. It offers entertainment and connection, but can also create pressures that affect teens’ well-being. For teens seeking social media validation, likes and follower counts can become measures of acceptance.

Some teens begin judging their self-worth by how many likes, comments, and followers they receive. Online attention may provide reassurance, but relying heavily on it can leave some teens vulnerable to disappointment when the response falls short of their expectations.

In this article, we’ll explore:

  • How self-esteem can be fragile in adolescence.
  • Why social media approval can matter so much to young people.
  • Risks and signs of seeking likes for self-esteem
  • How you can support teens who are struggling with social media approval-seeking.
Teen girl looking at cellphone showcasing social media and teen mental health
Table of Contents

Self-Esteem in Adolescence

Many teens will experience fluctuations in their self-esteem during adolescence. As teens grow and become more independent, they may reconsider who they are and how they see themselves.[1]

However, maintaining a healthy level of self-esteem is important. One Swedish study linked healthy self-esteem at ages 12–13 with better perceived mental well-being at age 17.[2] This suggests that supporting self-esteem in teens can help protect their future well-being.

One way to understand self-esteem is through two components:[2][3]

  1. Competence: How capable someone believes they are at handling tasks and responsibilities.
  2. Self-liking: Feeling comfortable with yourself and recognizing your value as a person.

Some behaviors may suggest that a teen is feeling insecure, although none confirms low self-esteem on its own. Look for patterns or changes from their usual behavior.  They might:

  • Brush off compliments.
  • Downplay their achievements.
  • Avoid new challenges.
  • Withdraw from friends or respond defensively when they feel insecure.
  • Succumb more easily to peer pressure.
  • Put on a facade of confidence to hide how insecure they really feel.
  • Use things like fashion or athleticism to get external validation.

These experiences predate social media. Many parents reading this article may remember similar behaviors from when they were teenagers. However, the rise of social media over the last couple of decades has provided a new way for young people to try to boost their self-esteem, in ways that we don’t yet fully understand.

So, while we might expect teens to seek external validation, validation-seeking online is a relatively new and perhaps misunderstood phenomenon. Here’s how that search for approval can play out online.

Why Teens Turn to Social Media for Validation

Social media appeals to teens for several reasons:

  • Social media lets teens connect with others and choose how they present themselves.[3] Social media allows teens to present a specific and highly edited version of themselves, potentially exaggerating positives and omitting negatives. This can be highly appealing to teens with low self-esteem, as they can present a version of themselves they hope others will like.[1]
  • Getting online validation plays into our tendency to seek validation from other people. Children already look to their teachers, parents, and peers for approval. Social media has taken on, and in some ways taken over, this role, as it puts teens in touch with other people who can approve or disapprove of them. Teens may interpret likes, follower counts, and comments as visible signs of approval or rejection.[4][5]
  • Likes on social media provide short-lived but positive reinforcement. This encourages teenage users to consistently post more content about themselves, and many feel drawn to maintain their online identity with regular posts.[4] For some, a teen’s digital life may become so powerful and such a strong source of validation that it can be incredibly difficult to let go of.
  • Social media validation, for teens, may feel extremely important because of the value they place on other people’s opinions. In an experiment with 613 adolescents, those who received fewer likes than others felt more rejected and reported more negative emotions and thoughts about themselves.[4] When they see the attention others get online, they may see social media as the obvious source of esteem for themselves.

Risks of Social Media Validation for Teens

Despite its various benefits, some teens develop problematic patterns of social media use, which research has linked with lower self-esteem and poorer body image. Adolescents as a group are the most frequent users of social media, and so are at greatest risk of negative effects.[3] 

Many studies find that using social media excessively is associated with negative outcomes in academia, relationships, mental health, and self-esteem.[3]  

This may be because seeking validation from social media has a darker side:

  • Though it may boost esteem in the short term, some teens may become dependent on those short-term boosts. This can lead to a negative cycle where teens feel disappointment and low self-worth when the validation doesn’t come.[4] 
  • They may develop “follower anxiety” and a deep craving for more and more likes. In an experiment with university students, participants who received fewer likes reported lower self-esteem and fewer positive emotions.[5] 

Further, social media might harm self-esteem in the long run due to risks such as:[3][1] 

These issues can affect many aspects of a teen’s life, beyond their self-esteem. They might struggle with academia, close relationships, hopes for the future, and general mental health conditions. 

Teens should be made aware of these risks. While a moderate relationship with social media isn’t necessarily going to be harmful for everyone, responsible use of social media means knowing the potential risks.

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Signs of Online Approval Seeking

If teens keep their accounts private from parents, it might be difficult to gauge whether they’re getting validation from social media. Without being able to see their activity, it’s hard to know how much they’re posting, how often, and the kind of information they’re sharing about themselves.

Talking to your teen about social media and self-worth could teach you more about what’s going on for them. The following changes may be worth discussing with your teen, especially if they cause distress or interfere with daily life. They don’t necessarily mean your teen depends on online approval:

  • Constantly checking their phone for new notifications, particularly after posting something new.
  • Withdrawing from real-life events and relationships, such as stopping a hobby they previously enjoyed.
  • Seeming downbeat after posting something on social media.
  • Frequently criticizing themselves, particularly after comparing themselves with others online.
  • Feeling pressured to change their appearance or interests to gain online approval.
  • Feeling unable to enjoy activities without documenting them for social media.
  • Becoming distressed about low engagement and repeatedly deleting posts because of it.

Taking selfies, following trends, or deleting posts can be ordinary behavior. The concern is whether online feedback repeatedly affects your teen’s mood, self-worth, or daily life.

Helping Reduce Social Media Validation in Teens

If a teen is struggling with their self-esteem and using social media to prop it up, robust and compassionate family support can make a significant difference. Here’s our advice for helping teens with this delicate issue:

  • Refrain from judgment: It’s easy for parents and those from an older generation to judge younger people for their social media use. However, it’s the norm for many teenagers. These conversations should be approached without judgment, as much as possible, because it’s not as easy for young people to step away from the online world as you might think.
  • Encourage relationships: Meaningful relationships with family and friends can offer greater support than parasocial relationships, which are those one-sided connections teens might form with online personalities. If your teen has admitted that they’re struggling with social media, you can explain how in-person relationships can support their self-esteem more robustly. You can encourage this by organizing more family events and welcoming your teen’s friends into your home.
  • Teach internal evaluation: You can teach your teen that social media self-esteem is one of many external sources of validation. Further, parents can encourage what’s known as intrinsic motivation. This is when someone is motivated by finding an activity enjoyable or rewarding in its own right, rather than because they want to get something from it.
  • Practice self-compassion: A small pilot study suggests that compassion-based training may improve teens’ body image and reduce self-criticism, offering a possible way to address some social media-related pressures.[6] This can also be taught by example, for instance, by voicing your self-compassionate thoughts when you make mistakes or reflect on your appearance.

Find Mental Health Treatment Programs

Mission Prep provides treatment for teens experiencing various mental health conditions. Mental Health support is a phone call away – call 866-901-4047 to learn about your treatment options.

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Support Your Teen’s Well-Being With Mission Prep Teen Treatment

At Mission Prep Teen Treatment, we’ve seen how social media can be both a positive and a negative influence on well-being. That’s why our tailored treatment programs advocate for moderation while acknowledging the very real risks that social media poses.

We support teens experiencing problematic technology use and related mental health difficulties. Not only do we have a specific technology dependency treatment, but we also offer therapy for low self-esteem and academic and social challenges.

Our therapists use evidence-based approaches that take into account a teen’s life experiences, thoughts and beliefs, strengths and preferences, and behavioral difficulties. 

Whether your teen could benefit from residential treatment at one of our locations or something more flexible, like an outpatient mental health program delivered virtually, our team can help. Mission Prep Teen Treatment accepts insurance and is in-network with most major providers. We are happy to help you check your insurance coverage for mental health care.

Learn about our admissions process online or call 866-901-4047 to speak with a caring member of our team who can answer any questions you might have. Reach out for a free, no-obligation conversation.

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