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Ultimate Guide to Aripiprazole (Abilify) for Teens

Author:
Irene Lopez
Irene Lopez
MBA
Editor:
Emma Loker
Emma Loker
B.S.
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If your teen is struggling with a serious mental health condition, every decision can feel like a giant burden. And, when your provider recommends a medication like aripiprazole, it’s normal to have fears and anxieties. 

You may have already combed through countless medical blogs and resources online, hoping to understand what taking aripiprazole really means for your teenager. Yet, scanning the fine print repeatedly, the answers may still not be very clear. Instead, they might just be overwhelming. 

If this sounds like you, you’re not alone. 

You want to make the best choice for your child, but also to understand the reasoning behind the recommendation. You likely also want to know what aripiprazole actually does, whether it will help, and if there are any negative side effects to watch out for.  

At Mission Prep Healthcare, we understand how challenging decisions like taking medication can be. In this guide, we’ll cover all the things you need to know about aripiprazole, simply and plainly, minus the complex medical jargon. This includes:

  • What aripiprazole is and how it works
  • Conditions aripiprazole is used to treat
  • The right aripiprazole dosage for teens
  • Potential aripiprazole side effects  
  • How to stop aripiprazole safely in teens
  • Frequently asked questions about aripiprazole
  • How medication fits into teen mental health treatment
  • Where to get help for teen mental health conditions
Ultimate Guide to Aripiprazole (Abilify) for Teens

What Is Aripiprazole (Abilify)?

Aripiprazole, also known by the brand name “Abilify,” is a type of psychiatric medication called an “antipsychotic.” When antipsychotics first came out, they were used to treat symptoms of psychosis, which is when someone experiences a disconnect from reality. 

However, since then, they’re also being used to treat other challenges like aggression, self-harm, depression, and severe agitation.¹ When someone’s agitated, they can feel very anxious, tense, uneasy, restless, fidgety, or irritable. They may show signs of frustration, anger, and confusion. 

Antipsychotics are powerful medications, so your provider will only prescribe them when other treatment options haven’t worked or if there’s no other option available. But the decision isn’t taken lightly. 

For instance, a provider will look at the following before selecting and prescribing an antipsychotic:

  • Your teen’s current mental health 
  • Their past medical history and any other medical conditions they may have
  • Their response to previous treatments
  • The benefits vs side effects of the medication

What Mental Health Conditions Is Abilify Prescribed For?

Abilify is currently FDA-approved for treating the following conditions in adolescents:²

Sometimes, a provider may opt to prescribe aripiprazole “off-label,” which means that it doesn’t have an FDA approval for treating a condition. Off-label prescribing is commonplace and happens when there are no other effective treatment options available. Still, your provider should disclose this to you when discussing treatment options. Common aripiprazole off-label uses in adolescents include attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and behavioral issues like aggression.³ 

Aripiprazole is a second-generation antipsychotic or SGA, which means it’s an improvement on earlier antipsychotics because of its lower risk of side effects. In other words, even though it has potential side effects (which we will cover in the upcoming sections), it’s seen to be safer and better tolerated by teens.⁴ 

How Abilify Works: A Simple Breakdown

At this point, you’re probably wondering what’s going on in the brain of someone taking aripiprazole. To put it simply, aripiprazole works by balancing chemical messengers in the brain: dopamine and serotonin. These chemical messengers have a key role to play in regulating moods, thoughts, and behaviors.⁵ 

Let’s take a closer look at how this balance can improve the symptoms of certain mental health conditions.

Abilify for Treating Schizophrenia in Teens

Abilify can be profoundly beneficial in treating symptoms of schizophrenia in teens. For instance, a shift in brain chemicals has been proven to help reduce:

  • Hallucinations: Hearing, seeing, or feeling things that aren’t there
  • Delusions: Holding on to fixed beliefs that are untrue
  • Disorganized thinking: Difficulties focusing, organizing, or thinking clearly
  • Speech issues: Problems speaking clearly 
  • Motivation problems: Lack of drive and interest, which can be important in setting goals and following through with tasks

 

Abilify for Adolescent Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder involves intense emotions and extreme changes in moods and behaviors. Abilify can help stabilize these mood swings and prevent future relapses.⁶

Adolescents with bipolar disorder can experience two phases: a manic phase and a depressive phase, and sometimes a combination of both. These can last for days or weeks at a time. During a manic phase, a teen may experience elevated moods and increased energy and activity. In contrast, depressive phases are characterized by low moods, energy, and levels of activity. 

However, although medication like aripiprazole is beneficial for treating bipolar disorder, it’s usually one aspect of a broader treatment plan for teens. Psychotherapy and family interventions, in combination with medication, work together to boost long-term recovery outcomes. 

Abilify for Treating Irritability in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Abilify has been found to be effective in improving symptoms of ASD, such as irritability, hyperactivity, and stereotypy (repetitive behaviors).⁷ It is one of only two medications currently approved by the FDA for treating irritability in teens with ASD, the other being risperidone (Risperdal). 

Abilify for ADHD Treatment in Teens (Off-Label)

Abilify is not currently FDA-approved for ADHD. However, early evidence indicates that it may benefit in the treatment of symptoms.⁸ Research is ongoing, but a provider may sometimes prescribe aripiprazole when it’s the only viable option available. 

Discuss benefits and side effects with your provider so you can make an informed decision about your adolescent’s care. 

How Abilify Works for Teen Depression (Off-Label)

Antipsychotics are typically not the first-line treatment option for depression. The go-tos tend to be SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors), followed by SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) if the former aren’t effective. However, a provider may consider an antipsychotic like aripiprazole when the first-line treatments aren’t showing much benefit.⁹ 

Aripiprazole Dosage for Teenagers

Providers typically start teens off on the lowest possible aripiprazole dose. Then, if needed, they slowly increase the dose to the most effective safe amount required to treat the condition. In the meantime, they’ll also closely watch for any side effects and monitor how well your teen is responding to the treatment. 

The FDA-approved starting dose for adolescents is 2mg per day to treat schizophrenia, bipolar mania, and irritability associated with autism.¹⁰ 

The maximum permissible dose is 30mg per day for schizophrenia and bipolar mania, and 15mg per day for irritability associated with ASD.

Aripiprazole Dosage for Teenagers

All medications come with the potential for side effects. Aripiprazole side effects can sound like a lot to take in. Yet it’s important to know what to expect and how your provider will manage these as and if they show up. 

Ensure you inform your provider if your teen experiences the following, especially if they’re severe or don’t get better with time:¹¹ 

  • Headaches
  • Dizziness and feelings of unsteadiness
  • Tiredness
  • Heartburn
  • Nervousness or restlessness
  • Appetite changes 
  • Weight gain 
  • Body pains, especially in the stomach, joints, arms, and legs
  • Constipation or diarrhea
  • Increased salivation 
  • Sleep problems

If your teen experiences the following serious side effects, ensure you seek medical attention immediately:

  • Self-harm behaviors
  • Drowsiness
  • Worry or agitation
  • Mania
  • Aggressiveness, irritability
  • Panic attacks
  • Severe restlessness
  • Acting without thinking 
  • Rashes, hives, or itching 
  • Vision problems
  • Difficulties in breathing or swallowing
  • Seizures
  • Tightness in the throat or neck muscles
  • Uncontrollable body movements, like shaking of body parts, the face, or the tongue
  • Swelling in the joints, face, or other parts of the body
  • Difficulties maintaining balance or increased falls
  • Fever
  • Fast or irregular heartbeats
  • Sweating 
  • Feelings of confusion 

Other Less Common Side Effects to Note

  • Aripiprazole and weight gain in teenagers: Compared to other antipsychotics, Abilify tends to cause less weight gain. It’s also less likely to lead to increased blood glucose levels and heart issues. 

Having said this, weight gain is still one aspect that your provider will closely monitor.¹² Ensure your teen is following a healthy lifestyle in terms of eating a balanced diet and following an exercise routine. 

  • Aripiprazole and hyperprolactinemia in teenagers: Aripiprazole is also less likely to cause hyperprolactinemia than some other antipsychotics. This is a condition where there’s an increase in the production of a hormone called “prolactin.” Hyperprolactinemia can cause abnormal breast development in both boys and girls, as well as menstrual issues in girls. 

Stopping Abilify Safely in Teens

There are a number of reasons you and your teen might consider stopping aripiprazole. For instance, when they start to do better, you may decide there’s no longer a need for the medication. Alternatively, the side effects may outweigh the benefits. However, it’s important to work together with your provider when stopping Abilify to avoid harmful side effects and the possibility of relapse.

Antipsychotics should not be stopped suddenly. Instead, the approach should be gradual and monitored. For instance, your provider will likely reduce the dosage in stages to help your teen withdraw from the drug safely. 

Additionally, if your teen misses a dose, remember to have them take it immediately to avoid the risk of aripiprazole withdrawal symptoms, unless it’s close to the time of the next dose. 

Frequently Asked Questions About Aripiprazole in Teens

While this article aimed to cover as many topics around aripiprazole as possible, including it’s benefits and side effects for teen mental health treatment, you may still have some concerns. For this reason, we provide answers to some FAQs about aripiprazole to cover as many bases as possible. 

Is Abilify Safe for Teens?

Abilify is a second-generation antipsychotic and is considered to be safer than the earliest developed antipsychotics – first-generation antipsychotics. At the same time, all medications carry the potential for side effects. We discussed these side effects earlier in this article, but it can also help to talk about them with your provider. 

Remember that side effects can vary from person to person – so one teen might not experience the same side effects as others. 

Does Abilify Affect Puberty?

Puberty problems with antipsychotics are connected to an increased production of the hormone prolactin, which can cause abnormal breast development in both boys and girls, and menstrual problems in girls. 

However, Abilify is less likely to cause issues with puberty and sexual maturation compared to other antipsychotics. Still, your provider will closely monitor how your teen is responding to the medication to address any harmful side effects that may arise. 

Should I Put My Child on Abilify?

While antipsychotics can have potential side effects, they’re also shown to be effective, which can ultimately help your teen lead a healthier and productive life. However, antipsychotics are only considered if alternative options don’t exist or haven’t worked. We recommend that you discuss all aspects of the medication with your provider and address any concerns you may have.

Is There a Link Between Abilify and Sleep Problems in Teens?

Abilify side effects can vary between teenagers – each one can react differently to the same medication. For instance, Abilify could cause some teens to feel more drowsy, while others may have difficulties falling or staying asleep. In either case, discuss the link between Abilify and sleep problems with your provider so they can help you manage these issues should they arise. 

How Medication Fits Into Teen Mental Health Treatment

Medication is only one piece of the puzzle when it comes to treating mental health conditions.

At Mission Prep Healthcare, we don’t just look at symptoms – we look beyond them to help create a path to long-term and sustainable recovery. If medication is required, we ensure it’s within the context of a holistic treatment plan, which includes therapy, lifestyle recommendations, family support, and skills-building. 

Abilify can be a helpful and effective medication, but it’s best used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that’s customized to the unique needs of your teen.

Ultimate Guide to Aripiprazole (Abilify) for Teens

Get Help for Your Teen Today With Mission Prep Healthcare

We know how hard it can be to watch your teen struggle with severe mental health issues. Mission Prep’s team of qualified and licensed mental health professionals is here to provide optimal care through each step of your teen’s recovery and wellness journey. 

Whether your teen is living with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, or any other mental health problem, we’re on hand to provide quality, compassionate care to fit their needs. This includes:

  • Residential Treatment: 24/7 structured support in a peaceful, home-like environment with one-to-one attention

  • Outpatient Treatment: Structured support with flexible scheduling to meet the demands of school and work life

  • Intensive Outpatient Program: Affordable care options for families looking for the structure of residential treatment and the flexibility of outpatient sessions  

Mission Prep’s approach is built on a foundation of evidence-based care that’s geared towards compassionate, sustainable recovery. If you’re ready to get started or are just curious to find out more, contact us to schedule a consultation. 



References

  1. Levenson, S. A. (n.d.). Antipsychotics in perspective: Past, present, and future: Article 1 of 3. JAMDA. https://www.jamda.com/article/S1525-8610(23)00836-8/fulltext
  2. U.S. Food & Drugs Administration. (2002). Highlights of prescribing information [Prescribing information]. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021436s037,021713s029,021729s021,021866s022lbl.pdf
  3. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), Medicaid Integrity Group (MIG). (2015). Atypical antipsychotic medications: Use in pediatric patients [Report]. https://www.cms.gov/medicare-medicaid-coordination/fraud-prevention/medicaid-integrity-education/pharmacy-education-materials/downloads/atyp-antipsych-pediatric-factsheet11-14.pdf
  4. Gettu, N., & Saadabadi, A. (2023, May 16). Aripiprazole. StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547739/
  5. National Alliance on Mental Illness. (2024b, December 23). Aripiprazole (Abilify). National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/treatments/mental-health-medications/types-of-medication/aripiprazole-abilify/
  6. National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d.). Bipolar disorder in children and teens. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder-in-children-and-teens
  7. Hirsch, L. E., & Pringsheim, T. (2016). Aripiprazole for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd009043.pub3
  8. Findling, R. L., Short, E. J., Leskovec, T., Townsend, L. D., Demeter, C. A., McNamara, N. K., & Stansbrey, R. J. (2007). Aripiprazole in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 18(4), 347–354. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2007.0124
  9. Miller, C. (2024, November 18). Medication for kids with depression. Child Mind Institute. https://childmind.org/article/medication-for-kids-with-depression/
  10. U.S. Food & Drugs Administration. (2002). Highlights of prescribing information [Prescribing information]. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021436s037,021713s029,021729s021,021866s022lbl.pdf
  11. MedlinePlus. (n.d.). Aripiprazole: Drug information. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a603012.html
  12. Gettu, N., & Saadabadi, A. (2023, May 16). Aripiprazole. StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547739/

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